See wiel in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "wiel"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "wiel"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "wil"
},
{
"lang": "Caribbean Javanese",
"lang_code": "jvn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "wil"
},
{
"lang": "Papiamentu",
"lang_code": "pap",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "wil"
},
{
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"lang_code": "srn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "wiri"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "wiel"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "weel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "wiele"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "wēl"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*wiol"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *wiol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hwehwl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hwehwl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hwehwlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hwehwlą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷekʷlóm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷekʷlóm",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *wiol, from Proto-West Germanic *hwehwl, from Proto-Germanic *hwehwlą, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷekʷlóm, *kʷékʷlos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-decl-noun-st-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wiel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wiel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wiele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wiel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wiel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wiele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wiels",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wiele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wiele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wielen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{stem}}}-",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{stem2}}}-",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wiel n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "wiel n",
"name": "dum-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "dum-decl-noun-st-n"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"wheel"
],
"id": "en-wiel-dum-noun-ulmSYVnS",
"links": [
[
"wheel",
"wheel"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rat"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "wiel"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "wiel"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wœ̄l",
"t": "pool, whirlpool"
},
"expansion": "Old English wœ̄l (“pool, whirlpool”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "wiel"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian wiel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wallōn",
"t": "to roll"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wallōn (“to roll”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Related to Old English wœ̄l (“pool, whirlpool”), West Frisian wiel, from Proto-West Germanic *wallōn (“to roll”), or perhaps *wallijan (“to well up”), both from the same ultimate source.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-decl-noun-st-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wiel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wiele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wiel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wiele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wiels",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wiele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wiele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wielen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{stem}}}-",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{stem2}}}-",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wiel m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "wiel m",
"name": "dum-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "dum-decl-noun-st-m"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"maelstrom, vortex, bottomless spiral"
],
"id": "en-wiel-dum-noun-dum:vortex",
"links": [
[
"maelstrom",
"maelstrom"
],
[
"vortex",
"vortex"
],
[
"bottomless",
"bottomless"
],
[
"spiral",
"spiral"
]
],
"senseid": [
"dum:vortex"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 25 22 1 7 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hole caused by a break in a dyke"
],
"id": "en-wiel-dum-noun-QQ0VnBhm",
"links": [
[
"hole",
"hole"
],
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"dyke",
"dyke"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "wiel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch masculine nouns",
"Middle Dutch neuter nouns",
"Middle Dutch nouns",
"Middle Dutch strong masculine nouns",
"Middle Dutch strong neuter nouns",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "wiel"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "wiel"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "wil"
},
{
"lang": "Caribbean Javanese",
"lang_code": "jvn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "wil"
},
{
"lang": "Papiamentu",
"lang_code": "pap",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "wil"
},
{
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"lang_code": "srn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "wiri"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "wiel"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "weel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "wiele"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "wēl"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*wiol"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *wiol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hwehwl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hwehwl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hwehwlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hwehwlą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷekʷlóm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷekʷlóm",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *wiol, from Proto-West Germanic *hwehwl, from Proto-Germanic *hwehwlą, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷekʷlóm, *kʷékʷlos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-decl-noun-st-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wiel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wiel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wiele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wiel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wiel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wiele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wiels",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wiele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wiele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wielen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{stem}}}-",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{stem2}}}-",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wiel n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "wiel n",
"name": "dum-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "dum-decl-noun-st-n"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"wheel"
],
"links": [
[
"wheel",
"wheel"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rat"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "wiel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch masculine nouns",
"Middle Dutch nouns",
"Middle Dutch strong masculine nouns",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "wiel"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wœ̄l",
"t": "pool, whirlpool"
},
"expansion": "Old English wœ̄l (“pool, whirlpool”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "wiel"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian wiel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wallōn",
"t": "to roll"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wallōn (“to roll”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Related to Old English wœ̄l (“pool, whirlpool”), West Frisian wiel, from Proto-West Germanic *wallōn (“to roll”), or perhaps *wallijan (“to well up”), both from the same ultimate source.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-decl-noun-st-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wiel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wiele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wiel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wiele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wiels",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wiele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wiele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wielen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{stem}}}-",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{stem2}}}-",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wiel m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "wiel m",
"name": "dum-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "dum-decl-noun-st-m"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"maelstrom, vortex, bottomless spiral"
],
"links": [
[
"maelstrom",
"maelstrom"
],
[
"vortex",
"vortex"
],
[
"bottomless",
"bottomless"
],
[
"spiral",
"spiral"
]
],
"senseid": [
"dum:vortex"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hole caused by a break in a dyke"
],
"links": [
[
"hole",
"hole"
],
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"dyke",
"dyke"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "wiel"
}
Download raw JSONL data for wiel meaning in Middle Dutch (6.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.